It’s important to make the content and design of written health information easy to understand. It’s best to choose materials with words and numbers that readers can understand. Below, you’ll find tips for organizing material to help readers find the information they need.
Effective Written Health Information Materials
Effective written communication is designed for specific readers. It considers what the reader needs to know and do. It also uses language the reader understands.
Effective written information:
- Allows readers to read and understand at their own pace.
- Reinforces the information readers already know.
- Offers various levels of detail so beginners can read and understand the basic information and read it again for more details.
- Has graphics and pictures that reinforce words.
Consider the audience:
- Who are the intended readers?
- Who do they trust for information?
- Where do they get information?
- Do they prefer spoken or written information?
Use of Plain Language in Practice
Plain language is the key to clear communication. Simply put, plain language is communication people understand the first time they read or hear it. It helps them find what they need, understand what they find, and use what they find. Plain language reduces miscommunication and barriers to understanding. Here are three key strategies for plain language.
Organization
- Put the most important message first.
- Focus on what the reader needs to know or do.
- Have a clear call to action.
- Limit the amount of information.
Content
- Choose materials that use simple words and numbers.
- Use simple or whole numbers and avoid decimals and fractions.
- Don’t require readers to do calculations.
- Put numbers into context by explaining them. Metaphors can help explain numbers.
- Choose materials that do the following:
- Use active voice.
- Refer directly to the reader by using the words “you” and “your.”
- Use short sentences and paragraphs.
Format
- Use clear headings, lists, and tables.
- Use graphics to support text.
- Add text boxes to highlight key information.
Graphics Requirements
Graphics should always:
- Show the main message.
- Have descriptive captions and labels.
Effective Data Use
When communicating data, look for materials that:
- Use data to help readers understand the meaning of the information.
- Have labels in plain language.
- Highlight important information or summarize what the data mean.
- Present correct data.
- Acknowledge scientific uncertainty.
Audience Testing Feedback
The best way to know if materials are helpful is audience testing. This involves asking people who are like the intended readers to review the materials and give feedback. Audience testing involves:
- Finding out if people have trouble finding or using the materials.
- Getting feedback individually or in focus groups.
- Reviewing materials periodically.
Providing Accessible Materials
These practices make health information more inclusive and widely understood:
- Offer materials in preferred languages.
- Choose alternatives to written materials.
- Find ways to include people with sensory or cognitive disabilities.
- Follow health equity principles.
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Last Updated: March 4, 2024